(1825)
Black Bird Chief, Magatag Pineysinijigo L'Arbre Croche
(Michigan Territory)
to the President of the United States
(Washington, D.C.)
All the President's children extend their hands to him. They the chiefs of the Ottawas at Arbre Croche pray and supplicate him to send them a black robe such as teach the Indians at Montreal. They wish to be instructed in the same principles of religion that their ancestors received at the old mission of St. Ignatius before 1765. They come to him as the first and principle chief of the United States and ask his aid in erecting a house of prayer. To that house they ask that he and a minister of the gospel who will instruct their children and they will give him land to cultivate and try to please him and obey his good advice. They will be pleased if he sends a priest of the Catholic religion as their ancestors had. They have confidence in him and shake his hand with all the affection of their hearts. (Copied in the hand of Father Gabriel Richard - apparently a translation and adaptation of the one copied by Marianne Fisher.
III-2-f Copy A.L.S. 1p. 4to.
4
(1825)
Fisher, Mary Anna
(Mackinac Island, Michigan Territory)
to (Father Gabriel) Richard
(Detroit, Michigan Territory)
She has transcribed this letter of one of the chiefs of L'Arbre Croche as well as she is able. She is not very capable, however. Richard will find the name of the Indian at the end of the letter with his totem. She has written the name in French at the foot of the letter. (In her own hand and on the same page is the following):
Black Bird
L'Arbre Croche, (Michigan Territory)
to the President of the United States
(Washington, D.C.
He begs the president to hear his prayer. All his children hold out their arms to give him their hands. All the first chiefs of the Indians of L'Arbre Croche beg that he obtain for them a black robe like those that teach in the country of Montreal. The Indians desire to be instructed in the same way that their ancestors were taught in the time of the mission. The Government has promised them to build a church and they will add land so that the new pastor will not be in want. They will be happy if the President hears their prayer and sends them a black robe but one of the Roman Catholic religion. If he hears their prayer, they will give him their hand and will do so with all their hearts.
III-2-f A.L.S. (French) 2pp 8vo.
4
(1825)
Leo, Pope. XII
to Venerable Brethren (Catholic Bishops)
A papal letter proclaiming a universal Jubilee. The spiritual treasures obtainable only at Rome last year are now to be opened up to the whole world. The Jubilee and its indulgence is being extended and the bishops are given the faculties to commute or relax the enjoined works according to their discretion. Their good efforts are needed if the Pope's plan is to have a happy issue. The people should be allowed only so much of pomp and celebration as they have shown of diligence in preparing for it. The Bishops must show the pricelessness of the treasure and how easily all can be sharers in it, both because of the abundant faculties given the ministers of penance for remitting sins and because of the very nature of the good works imposed. Before the fourteenth century church discipline in those matters was very severe. Urban II said at Clermont that the expedition to liberate Jerusalem should not be regarded as an exploit of honor, of money gaining, but as a pilgrimage of penance. Cardinal Thomasius said that the rigours of love pilgrimages and the grave perils of death were enjoined that there might be more certainly tested and made manifest a penitential change of heart than a festive relaxation of all penitential discipline. The bishops are to preach themselves and appoint suitable preachers of Christ's words, "unless you have penance, you shall perish together." The Jubilee indulgence is plenary and distinct from all other plenary indulgences which are granted in the manner of a Jubilee, because in the solemn year of remission called Jubilee, a fuller faculty is given the special ministers of penance, of absolving sins and freeing from gands [sic] and impediments in which the consciences of believers are not infrequently entangled, the logic of it being that while the united supplication of the whole Christian people arises to heaven, God, being thus more certainly and fully placated by their penances, will grant more mercies. The cautions of Leo III against lack of care in examining penitents and granting indulgences are quoted: Careless ministers of penance are comparable to doctors who do not take the trouble to diagnose. The cautions of Raymond of Pennagart against harshness are quoted: the confessor should be benevolent, willing himself to arise and bear the penitent's burden. He should be sweet, dutiful, discreet before the variety of sins he will have to hear, should pray for penitents and do alms-giving and other good works for them, should console, hold forth hope for the future, and, when necessary, exhort. The Tridentine Council and Catechism are cited about prudence in hearing sins. The angelic doctor is quoted as saying that the better thing for the priest to do is indicate what great penances the guilt of the sins really demands, and yet lay upon the penitent only what he can tolerably do. Chrysostom is quoted to the same effect. The bishops are to teach clearly why, how, and in what order the good works are to be carried out, that the prayers prescribed at certain definite churches are to stand in place of those pilgrimages made by the early Christians to certain churches to fast and pray in them through the night. Receiving the Holy Eucharist is prescribed among the works. For it is the font of all charismata and gifts, itself the greatest of gifts, Christ himself. The indulgence is to be granted in such a way as to insure the permanence of its fruits. The bishop is to direct his efforts through the preaching and granting of the Jubilee toward rooting those vices which most ravage his flock. The bishops must pray. The people should not merely assist at Mass, but should receive the Body of Christ. Concerning fast and abstinence: there are few who observe these precepts carefully, few who do not condemn them altogether. The Pope laments the current disrespect for the sacrament of marriage, especially that most wicked practice in mixed marriages of raising the sons in the father's religion and the daughters in the mother's. It is invalid. Christians should avoid books poisonous to religion, morals, and public order. Care should be taken that all ages and sexes are reached by preaching and the exhortation to receive Christ's Body. Pious societies should be fostered. As workers in the vineyard the bishops are responsible. They must keep themselves spotless. St. Gregory (the Great) says one with dirty hands cannot wash another's. They must guard their seminaries as the apple of their eye, taking care that none but those who have virtue and knowledge be allowed to continue to ordination. They must guard the spiritual welfare of religious houses in their diocese, and foster schools and colleges. Nuns should teach in the schools. As Authority for this last, the council of Rome is cited. (In the James Alphonsus McMaster papers).
I-2-g Printed copy of L(Latin) 14pp.(incomplete) 16mo.
1
(1825?) Jan. 22
(Dubourg), Bishop L(ouis William)
(New Orleans, Louisiana)
to Fathers (Anthony) and (John Baptist) Blanc
Pointe Coupée, (Louisiana)
Father (Anthony) Blanc knows that (Dubourg) cannot always do what he would like to. While he is convinced that Father (John Baptist) Blanc suits better at Pointe Coupée and (Anthony) at Baton Rouge, nevertheless he knows it will be the other way around. So if (Anthony) prefers to keep his parish, (Dubourg) will send the younger brother to Baton Rouge. They are to decide between themselves.
V-4-d A.L.S. (French) 2pp. 4to.
2
1825 Jan. 24
Fisher, Mary Anne
Mackinac (Island, Michigan Territory)
to (Father Gabriel Richard)
Detroit, (Michigan Territory)
She sends him a copy of a letter which she has transcribed as well as she could. She wrote by the last boat but does not know whether (Richard) received. (On the same page is the following. (In her own hand).
La Papois, one of the Chiefs
L'Arbre Croache, (Michigan) Territory
to (Father Gabriel Richard)
(Detroit, Michigan Territory)
All the Indians whom (Richard) visited last year salute him. At present they have fear of those who go among them and pretend to be priests seeking to take (Richard's) place among them. They do not intend to chance however, but would like to see (Richard) as soon as possible. When he meets him, he will open his heart on these matters.
III-2-f A.L.S. (French) 1p. 8vo.
3
1825 Feb. 9
(Timon, C.M., Father John
Barrens, Missouri)
Instruction for Quinquagesima Sunday on spiritual blindness, 1825 and 1830.
IV-3-i A. Sermon (French) 10pp. 12mo.
0
1825 Mar. 9
(Dubourg), L(ouis) W(illia)m, Bishop of New Orleans
New Orleans, Louisiana
to Bishop Edward Fenwick
Cincinnati, Ohio
The bearer M. Chignard, with whom Fenwick is acquainted has arrived at that place and being refused a return to the New Orleans diocese seeks entrance into Cincinnati - Upon the recommendation of Rev. Mr. Dalga, v.g. of Aix in Provence he recommends that he be given a trial on his good behaviour shown in France.
II-4-d A.L.S. 1p. 8vo.
1825 Mar. 13
Leo XII, Pope
Rome, (Italy)
to Bishop Edward Dominic Fenwick, O.P.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Apostolic Letter condemning Secret Societies. Insisting on the obligation of the Pontiffs to protect the faithful and alarmed by the growth of the sect called "Freemasons," Clement XII in his Constitution "In Eminenti" of April 28, 1738 had condemned them. When some claimed that the bull had lost its effect at the death of Clement, his successor, Benedict XIV, had issued another dated Mar. 18, 1751 "Providas" confirming that of Clement XII, which Leo quotes. Leo classifies as the chief of these freemasons the Carbonari, who had been condemned by Pius VII in his bull, "Ecclesiam Jesu Christi" of Sept. 13, 1821, in which he accused them of being against the Church and civil authority. Leo XII, has seen the growth of these societies, including those in universities and having seen their publications, he asks all Catholics not to join or aid in any way these societies under pain of excommunication. Under the same penalty they are obliged to report those who have joined such societies. Their chief evil of these societies is their secret oath against all other authority. He quotes the letter of Clement XII of Sept. 12, 1738. Leo calls on Catholic princes, towards whom he feels affection, to come to his aid in this matter. Quoting the words of Leo the Great, because the cause of religion is so closely united to that of society that they are no longer separable. While Leo begs that the members of these societies be not allowed civil honors, he calls upon the members of these societies to return to the Church. For them the obligation of denouncing is deferred for one year. Witnessed by Cardinal B. Bartholomew Pacca as prosecretary, D. Testa for Cardinal Albani, and Caprano as substitute. (Translation unidentified) (In Detroit Papers).
III-2-f Translation 11pp. 4to.
3
(1825) Apr. 6
Young, Father N(icholas) D.
Lancaster, (Ohio)
to Bishop E(dward) D(ominic) Fenwick
Cincinnati, Ohio
They seldom meet afflictions but they are followed by others. Fenwick should prepare himself for other sad news. Young has received word from his brother's letter. He is sending a copy of this letter to St. Rose so that Fenwick will have the news immediately. He asks that Fenwick join him in prayers for her repose and that the Dominicans in Cincinnati offer a few masses for her. Young is not ready to answer Fenwick's letter. He will write to Canton to find out how things are there. Father (Stephen) Montgomery will look after the church in Zanesville. They are attempting a church at Somerset, although Young wants to do no more than make the bricks this year. Mr. Dittoes is very zealous but wants to know how much Fenwick will give. They must know how much money they will receive so they can plan. Young feels that a church in Somerset will be an immense advantage to religion. All goes tolerably well. Father ( ) Martin does not want to go to Cincinnati but is bend on St. Rose and Young thinks he will go there next week.
P.S. Young's disgusted because "old" Boyle of Lancaster promised to bury a non-Catholic and a drunkard in the graveyard. If he is permitted to do this Young will require a positive obedience from Father (Augustine) Hill to remain there.
II-4-d A.L.S. 4PP. 8VO.
8
1825 Apr. 7
(Badin, Theodore Stephen)
Chelsea, London, England
to Bishop Edward Fenwick
Cincinnati, Ohio
Summarizes England and France for Fenwick - Discusses a Mr. Widener - Imposter collecting in his name in Europe - Speaks of Rev. Dios Santos as Coadjutor, also Father John Austin Hill O.P. - outlines his letters and shipments to and from the diocese - Speaks of his desire to be a Dominican. Of other collections and prospects in England, of his experience with Bishop Flaget - Mentions the Duke of Polignac - Quotes a letter to Fenwick of the Duke of Damas - Speaks of the progress of the Irish Emancipation Bill.
Added note dated April 23, speaks of money and notes second reading of the Bill in the House of Commons.
II-4-d A.L. 4pp. 8vo.
Note in Fenwick's hand that this be shown to Father Hill who is to write petition to persons suggested by Badin.
(1825) Apr. 22
(Dubourg), L(ouis) W(illia)m, Bishop of
New Orl(eans), L(ouisiana)
to Bishop E(dward) Fenwick
Cincinnati, (Ohio)
(Dubourg) hears from Father (Anthony) Ganilh of Fenwick's scruple about taking Dominican property for the diocese. The decree of the pope and General of the Order settles the matter. He advises him not to break with Father (John A.) H(ill, O.P.) and advises Fenwick to handle his own money matters, also to acquire a Dominican foundation.
II-4-d A.L.S. 4pp. 8vo.
6
1825 Apr. 26
Fenwick, Edward, Bishop
Cincinnati, Ohio
to Mr. George Guilford
Thanks him for the loan of a pamphlet of Oen's Syster - Considers it very good as regards temporal prosperity but entirely wanting as to eternal things. Encloses a pamphlet having another point of view.
II-4-d A.L.S. 1p. 8vo.
1825 Apr. 26
Kenrick, Father F(rancis) P(atrick)
Bardstown, (Kentucky)
to Father Frederick Rese
of Cincinnati, (Ohio)
He is induced to violate the laws of correspondence by answering Rese's two Italian letters in English. He has been delayed by a fracture of his collar bone resulting from a fall from a horse and the expectation of a visit from Bishop (Edward Dominic) Fenwick to explain the enigma of the kidnapped nun. When Fenwick's heartrending letter came he judged that he must explain his refusal to go to the diocese of Cincinnati more fully. Though they promise not to kidnap him, he feels that they want him permanently and that his remaining there would be involved. He is now busy with this large congregation, that of Bullet and with classes in the seminary with Father (John) David. Despite the flourishing condition of the diocese, all their priests are needed and the withdrawal of any might be fatal. The Dominicans at St. Rose have suffered from the withdrawal of some of their members to go to Cincinnati. Rese must remember that the institutions of Bardstown were not founded all at once but are the product of long years of labor and toil. He himself feels that like Rese he is not long in the missionary field and that he needs the direction of old and experienced missionaries. If he left he would become the regulator of his own conduct. Further, Rese's new foundations need a man skilled in temporal matters. He has omitted to mention also that since he was sent by the Propaganda for Kentucky he does not feel that he can leave there without a command from Rome after the matter has been well understood. He is, however, anxious for Rese's and Fenwick's success. The results of his inquiries concerning Father Chignard have not been favorable. Father Evremond had but a few months acquaintance with him. Rese might write to Father Niel of St. Louis for more exact information. (Flaget) does not insist on the amount of land Rese indicates for establishing a church in Indiana. Kenrick asks that the Dominicans bring the package for David. Father (Stephen Theodore) Badin left a book for Rese.
P.S. Monsignor (Peter) Caprano has written him against the custom of baptizing the children of heretics even with the promise of the parents and quotes the decrees of the Inquisition of Nov. 29, 1764 and Jan. 21, 1767 on the matter.
III-2-f A.L.S. 4pp. 8vo.
7
1825 May 15
Flaget, (Benedict Joseph) Bp. of Bardstown
(Bardstown, Kentucky)
to (Bishop Edward Fenwick)
Cincinnati, Ohio)
(Part of letter)...........Recalls the conditions of his coming to Kentucky - No money - A debt of $200 for his traveling expenses - no lodging - Father Badin did not want to give him the least thing while he remained - Tells Fenwick to compare that with his own troubles for consolation - He built up his diocese and Fenwick should do greater things - He does not claim credit for the things Fenwick has accomplished. On the day of his consecration Fenwick asked only one question, about leaving all the Dominicans at St. Rose, (Kentucky). Since that Fenwick has not consulted him. His own duties are enough - he does not regret suggesting Fenwick for Cincinnati.
II-4-d A.L.S. (French) 4pp. 8vo.
1825 May 18
Badin, S(tephen) T(heodore) Father
London, England
to Bishop Edward Fenwick
Cincinnati, Ohio
Arranges to send money by Tiernan of Baltimore for Fenwick. Little success in England. The Prince of Polignac works for Fenwick - Sends books, vestments, chalices - Lawyers say Badin's transfer to Flaget of seminary land is null - Prefers retirement in Rome to America. Added note sends copy of Letter of Rev. Mr. Andreis. Advises missionaries to take notes.
II-4-d A.L.S. 3pp. 8vo.
Note of Fenwick on back of answer to Badin.
1825 May 31
Hill, (O.P), John Austin St. Joseph's
Somerset, Ohio
to Young, Nicholas D.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Discusses the division of provinces commanded by the Superior General and difficulties in the division of property. Proposes a solution which he asks Young to submit to Bishop (Fenwick). Proposes as more desirable the location of nuns at Somerset. Objects to leaving Somerset.
II-4-d A.L.S. 3pp. 8vo.
1825 Jun. 2
Montgomery, S(tephen) H.
Zanesville, Ohio
to Bishop Edward Fenwick
Cincinnati, Ohio
Has to borrow even postage money. His calculations on the building were correct but despite the efforts of Mr. Dugan and Mr. Hughes who promised to bear most of the expense, he finds himself without sufficient funds to complete his Church. Expects Father (Nicholas D.) Young to help bear the expense as he had promised. Ask the Bishop's help mentioning the sun of $200. Lists prices of material and labor.
II-4-d A.L.S. 4pp. 8vo.
1825 Jun. 18
Badin, Father S(tephen) T(heodore)
Chelsea, London, (England)
to Bishop Edward Fenwick
Cincinnati, Ohio
Extracts from Fenwick's letter of Apr. 16 will be printed in the Catholic Miscellany in order to keep interests in the mission alive. Badin has been unable to preach in London, but Father ( )
Cuddon has been very helpful. With the scarcity of money in the U.S. they should be realizing more on their mission. However, Badin's expenses are still too great and returns too small. England is filled with foreign solicitors from all over and Fenwick's chances would have been best had he not left Europe just when he was about to be well known. He wrote to Father (Didier) Petit on the subject Fenwick mentioned in his last letter and he said Fenwick should lose no time in converting the Indians, because the purpose of the Association is for the conversion of infidels, not Protestants. Fenwick did not receive the entire sum voted for his mission last year. One or two letters each year to the Archbishop of Rouen will be of great service. The Prince of Polignac has been applied to for the assistance of Charles X and 80 pounds was received the day after the king's coronation. He has written a letter of thanks to the Duke of Dond(eauville). The Marquise de Clermont-Tonnerre is a great friend of the mission. The nephew of Father Dias Santos tells him that Fenwick's former condisciple is very attached to him and may leave a donation or legacy. Badin sent him Fenwick's letter. He has drawn on Wright & Co. for 1000 pounds and there is still 2000 pounds with Tiernan & Co. in Baltimore. In regard to Fenwick's proposed purchase of a 5 acre lot with house for $26,000, Badin realizes it is a great deal of money, but by buying it Fenwick would not have to worry about building himself and would have his Cathedral and seminary already built. He supposes Fenwick has the means to purchase, since he has still 2700 pounds with Wright & Co., almost half the purchase price, he could sell his present house and Cathedral, and the lots and small house and out of the other lots he could parcel off the ground into smaller plots, reserving a few for increase. By purchasing now Fenwick would be able to have his new college and could realize a return from boarders and day students, with professors from Bardstown (Kentucky). Cincinnati will grow, as will the congregation and he will be assisted by subscriptions. Even if something did happen, the worst that could result would be another trip to Rome to obtain funds with the help of Badin who is always ready to serve him. Father Wheeler is now in this city. Mr. Liter is going to America and will carry some effects for the mission. Badin may go to Ireland in September.
P.S. He has not heard of Fathers Chignard nor de Grendel. He asks Fenwick to send Badin's letter to Mrs. Jumel. He has not received the letter from Father (Gabriel) Richard that Father Vincent (Badin) promised to send. Bishop (Benedict Joseph) Flaget's last letter was Feb. 10. Wright & Co. forwarded a bill of credit on Tiernan & Sons for 1000 pounds payable for Fenwick on Archbishop Maréchal.
II-4-d A.L.S. 4pp. 8vo.
2
1825 Jun. 25
Van de Velde, James O. (S.J.), Georgetown College
District of Columbia
to Bishop Edward Fenwick
Cincinnati, Ohio
Mentions writing to Archbishop of Malinez for help for Cincinnati - Speaks of some cases or religious goods sent from Flanders for Georgetown which had been lost - Suspects that Fenwick may have them - Seeks information about it. Has had the company of Munes.
Postscript that he understands that Bishop Flaget is appointed administrator of Father (Charles) Nerinckx.
ii-4-d A.L.S. 2pp. 8vo.
Fenwick note. Received 11th answered 15th of July.
--------
1825 Jul. 8
Fenwick, Bishop Edward
Bishop of Cincinnati
to Superior (of the Sisters of Mercy probably)
Speaks of his esteem for a Sister Paul recently come to the Diocese. Asks for sisters to aid her in this work to establish a convent of the Sisters of Mercy.
II-4-d A.L.S. (French) 3pp. 12mo.
1825 Aug. 6
Somalia, Julius M. Cardinal de Pro-prefect
Rome, (Papal States)
to Father Frederick Rese
Cincinnati, (Ohio)
It has been reported to the Sacred Congregation that Rese has been writing to Father (Francis Patrick) Kendrick of the diocese of Bardstown seeking to draw him from that diocese to Cincinnati. For this purpose Rese had no permission from the Sacred Congregation, nor would it have been given if asked. It is evident to the Sacred Congregation that Kenrick is a great aid to Bishop (Benedict Joseph) Flaget and it is the mind of the Congregation that he persevere there. Rese is to desist from his invitations to Kenrick. The Sacred Congregation reminds Rese that he is expected to render an account of himself to the Sacred Congregation as one of their alumni. A year has now passed and they wish such an account. No. 1. Archbishop Peter Capranus signs as Secretary.
III-2-f L.S. (Latin) 1p. 8vo.
3
1825 Aug. 12
Badin, Father Steph(en) T(heodore), Catholic Chapel
Chelsea, London, (England)
to Bishop Edward Fenwick
Cincinnati, Ohio
He accompanied Father ( ) Wheeler from London to Paris where he collected 400 fr. at McChapellier, $170 at St. Nicolas du Chardonnet and $110 at Mme. De la Rianderie's. Wheeler is leaving for New York from Havre de Grace. Fenwick's interest in France is in the Association of the Propagation and the amount depends upon Fenwick's letters concerning the activity among the Indians. He saw Father Didier Petit in Paris. The Prince of Polignac influenced Mgr. le Duc de Dondeauville to obtain a donation from Charles X of 2000 francs. The Bureau is allowing Fenwick 11,000 fr. which Badin will deposit with Wright & Co. All the priests in Fenwick's diocese should write of affairs that would interest Europeans and Fenwick should condense this and send it to Badin or Petit so that it would be received at Lyon (France) before May 3 each year. A decree of the King in Flanders has suppressed the little seminaries and a great seminary is to be created and no candidates will be accepted who has not been previously trained by government-appointed professors. The Nuncio has been recalled by the Pope. The Dominicans will die in England without successors. Father Angier has come to Hincley with the consent of the Provincial at St. Rose, Father Tuite. The condition of Church government in England is disgusting and scandalizing. Even the Jesuits who are the most zealous and pious are objects of contempt and aversion. The Bishop of this district reprimanded Badin for visiting a dying man "absente parocho." He has not collected enough in six months to meet expenses in this proud, prodigal and vicious country. Father Scott is about the only man who would assist him, but he hasn't the time to spare. John Bull is rude and inhospitable compared to the Americans. Mr. Closey died in May. Mrs. Moriss wishes to know about young Wallis. The tailor, Leifer left with Wheeler. Badin has a trunk load of Church furniture and books which he will send when he finds an opportunity. The Misses Le Riche spoke to Badin about working in Fenwick's diocese, but Badin thinks there are in Bruges several nuns better trained for educating youth, who have contracted for many years religious habits. Father (Guy) Chabrat has written to Father (Charles) Nerinckx for two young ladies to teach French. Father Vincent Raymaker's parents died at Louvain according to the Curé of St. Nicolas at Bruxelles. Badin is thankful that Fenwick escaped when his friend, Mr. Dugan, was killed. Fenwick should write to Monsignor Chamberlain, superior of the Holland mission, who has ordered a collection for Fenwick in Flanders, regardless of the persecution. There are many Flemish religious who would like to go to the United States. He sent a bill of credit given Archbishop (Ambrose) Maréchal for Fenwick by Wright & Co. on Luke Tiernan and Sons. He is afraid the building of the Cathedral will leave Fenwick destitute of a livelihood and a seminary. He recently read of canals opening between the Ohio and the Lakes and that the population of Ohio is 750,000. Badin has been informed that a bill of credit on Maréchal for Fenwick is the best way of sending funds, since Maréchal is in Baltimore and can call for the funds any time when they exchange is not under par.
P.S. Badin quotes from the British Guardian of June 22, a statement by Capt. Pollard of the Seneca Tribe, in which Pollard thanks the Catholic missionaries for bringing the faith to his people and asks their aid in preventing the Indian tribes from being driven farther back. Father ( ) Crane, for many years a missionary among the Tuscarora Tribe made a few remarks alluding to Pollard. Such communications should be sent to Rome. He has not heard from his brother (Father Vincent Badin) or from Father (Gabriel) Richard. He hopes they are well. Badin has not forgotten that Monsr. Ferere of St. Nicolas has promised Father de Gaussancourt as President of Fenwick's seminary. He has not heard from Father Chinard or Father de Grendel. If he has the opportunity, Fenwick will go to Manchester and Liverpool. Father Sewall thinks that in 2 or 3 years he might send some Jesuits to Arbre Crochu. Richard should visit Stonyhurst when he comes to Europe. The son-in-law of Mr. Rusand asks Badin for 63 francs for the printing of the 1500 prospectus. He asks Fenwick for directions. His address is the same as before: Au Seminary St. Nicolas du Cahdonnet, Paris, (France).
II-4-d A.L.S. 4pp. 8vo.
7
1825 Oct. 5
Badin, T(heodore) S(tephen)
London, England
to Bishop Edward Fenwick
Cincinnati, Ohio
He remains in London. Only a few are friendly to the missions - The College of Bornheim has been sold - Fenwick should get a share of its price - Has books etc. London funds low - Recommends the help of the Association - Bishop should have stayed instead of himself and Rigagnon. Happy Seur Paul is working. Recommends letters from missions to the Association. Repeats letter of Duke of Damas to Fenwick - Recommends establishment of Jesuits in Cincinnati. Hears M. (Gabriel) Richard is reelected.
II-4-d A.L.S. 2pp. 8vo.
Letter written on paper containing a two page account of the Ohio mission - probably written by Badin.
1825 Oct. 7
Grim, Charles F.
New York, (New York)
to William (Seton)
(U.S. Navy)
Grim sends an account of Seton's finances. "They" required him to sign two blank receipts which they can fill in at the close of the business. The N(aval) Clerk will keep one and forward the other to the department. He also gave a receipt for each payment on the check for it on the U.S. Bank. He generally received on the first of the month what was due the 30th. In order to avoid the detention he called on the 30th. Thus William will find two payments in August. The statement runs from June 16 to Sept. 30. The balance is $79.
II-1-a A.L.S. 3pp. 12mo.
1
1825 Oct. 22
Seton, A.
New York, New York
to James C. Seton
Angostura
The writer says his complaint is yielding to medical treatment. If he gets well he will visit Angostura again. He hopes James will attend to his handwriting and learn accounts. Mr. Baretto will have charge of that business during the winter in Mr. Bunker's absence. The former is to attend to Jame's improvement in handwriting and accounting. The writer entreats "Nic" (James) to support his efforts by trying to make himself a man of business. He promises to send James a new blue coat and other things by the "William Henry" and asks him to write if he needs anything else. Father's family is well. He has told them they should write James, so the latter can expect many letters. The writer says that for himself he is tired out from writing since eight o'clock in the morning.
II-1-a A.L.S. 1p. 8vo.
1
1825 Oct. 28
Southard, Sam(ue)l L.
Navy Department
to Mid(shipma)n William Seton, U.S. Navy
New York, (New York)
Seton is detached from the U.S. ship Cyane and is to hold himself in readiness for an examination.
II-1-a D.S. 1p. 8vo.
1
1825 Nov. 18
Smith, Mary S.
St. Michael, (Frederick Town, Missouri)
to Father J(ohn) Timon, (C.M.), St. Mary's College
(Perryville, Missouri)
Father (Francis) Cel(l)ini, (C.M.) had written to Timon before he started but his letter was detained by Mr. Bossier whom he expected would start with his son for College. Smith begs Timon to lose no time in coming to see them. Cel(l)ini had written to Father (John Baptist) Tornatore, (C.M.) to give them Father (Benedict) Roux during his absence. Yet they beg timon to come if possible for Friday evening as Saturday is one of their feasts.
IV-3-i A.L.S. 1p. 4to.
5
1825 Nov. 19
(David), Bishop John B.M. of Mauricastro
Bardstown, (Kentucky)
to (Bishop Edward Fenwick)
(Cincinnati, Ohio)
During the absence of Bishop (Benedict Joseph) Flaget, he professed Father (Augustine) Hill. Hill gives them a most gratifying account of the state of religion in Cincinnati and of the success of the establishment of the Dominicans. He finds the house of St. Rose in a lamentable condition, but hopes it to have improved by the time he returns. They put up a new building to take care of the 54 new boarders brought by Father ( ) Martial, and it is so large as to make them uneasy about the future. Their school of Nazareth is also increasing, now having 50 boarders, and it is necessary to put up a new building, but they have not the means. (Sisters of Nazareth) have a new chapel dedicated to St. Paul on the day of St. John the Baptist and they desire a picture of St. John, having received one of St. Vincent from Father (John) McGill. They ask Fenwick for such a picture and any other religious articles needed to ornament the chapel. His new catechism is now being printed and he will send one to Fenwick by Hill and asks that Fenwick give his remarks on it, so that any corrections that may be needed can be taken care of in the second edition. He is also thinking of having the church music printed and thinks it can be done in Cincinnati. Hill will give him a detailed account of their situation.
II-4-d A.L.S. 2pp. 8vo.
1825 Nov. 22
Watkins, F., Treasury Department
Fourth Auditor's Office
to Mid(shipman) William Seton, U.S. Navy
New York, New York
Seton's letter of the 19th has been received. Being detached from the Cyane and paid by its purser until October 31st, Seton is to apply monthly to the Fourth Auditor's Office for his pay, until he is assigned to another ship or station. He cannot be paid for the present month (November) until its expiration.
II-1-a L.S. 1p. royal 8vo.
1
1825 Dec. 5
Seton, Bunker, and Baretto
Angostura, (Venezuela)
to H.L. Rutgers
( )
"Mr. H.L. Rutgers in account with Seton, Bunker and Baretto Co." Lists purchases for November and December of hides, indigo, cotton, deer skins, and sugar to the amount of $860.50 which added to a balance of $5627.81 totals $8988.31.
II-1-a (statement of account) 2pp. 8vo.
1
1825 Dec. 16
Kenrick, Father Fran(ci)s Pat(rick)
Bardstown, (Kentucky)
to (Father Frederick Rese)
(Cincinnati, Ohio)
Kenrick sends the following observations to Rese to be submitted to Bishop (Edward Dominic Fenwick) and Father (Augustine) Hill, O.P. concerning the Ohio church property. The first question is whether it is proper for the bishop to allow the church of Canton, Ohio and the house and land attached to be given to the Dominicans. If this were an institution free of the care of souls, the problem would be whether the bishop could make the grant without the consent of the Holy See. The Council of Trent in insisting on the assent of bishops does not take away the necessity of the consent of the Holy See as required in the Constitution of Boniface VIII. Kenrick expatiates on this point, though not asked, to protect the conscience of the bishop and the interests of the diocese and to screen Fenwick from the reproaches of his successor who might not be Dominican. But even though this consent be understood in the powers given to the ecclesiastical authorities, the intention of the donors is rather to provide for a parochial church not a convent of secluded religious, not to promote the Dominicans but to enjoy the benefit of the present Dominicans. The question then resolves into one of the right of the bishop to grant a parochial church and property to be incorporated in a monastery, giving the order to property as well as the obligation to care for the parish. In this matter Kenrick cites the decision of Urban II in which grants without episcopal approval were held null and in which priests were forbidden to exercise the parochial functions without the consent of the bishop. The Council of Trent apparently continues this rule. Benedict XIV also distinguishes between the church attached to a monastery and one dependent on the monastery. In the present case, Kenrick is of the opinion that the bishop can sanction the creation of such curacies, but should include a condition whereby in case of neglect he can appoint a priest not of the Order to care for the parish. This he regards as essential to the notions of the donor as well as the maintenance of church discipline. A clause should be inserted to prevent alienation, lest the land or church be sold and the bishop be left with the obligation without the mean thereto. This matter leads Kenrick to refer to the giving of 300 acres of land to the Dominicans near Somerset, which he regards as invalid or at least questionable. Even though Fenwick received the land as a Dominican before he was a bishop and what is given to a religious belongs to the order, yet Kenrick maintains that the donation was given not to the order but to the church for the establishing of religion in the state. Since no convent was erected before Fenwick became bishop, Kenrick thinks the donation should be regarded as in favor of the bishop who might sometime have to send a priest to care for the parish, who would be deprived of the support from the 300 acres. With regard to the church at Zanesville, built on land belonging to the Dominicans without the permission of the bishop or his vicar general, not even the right of presentation is acquired since the consent of the bishop is required for that. He makes these observations because he has been asked and because he is backed by the canons of the church. His affection for Father Hill does not appear in his observations because he feels that the public good must come before private feeling. He hopes that Hill's love of the general good will prevail over his love for his Order. Great are the benefits of religious orders to the church and he is not opposed to the diffusion of the Dominican order, but he thinks that the first good to be sought is the establishment of a bishop in Ohio and he is afraid the proposals made would ruin both the bishop and the church in Ohio should Hill's successor not be of the proper spirit. To guard against every danger, however, Kenrick advises a statement to Rome and a cordial submission to her decision, even though the grants are good in the civil courts. He ends his letter with an appeal to Rese to support the rights of the bishop within the bounds of charity.
P.S. He asks that his salutations be presented to (Fenwick). (In Detroit collection).
III-2-f A.L.S. 7pp. 8vo.
7
1826
Leo XII, Pope
Rome, (Italy)
Encyclical letter: The Extension of the Jubilee. Given at Rome, January 8, 1825.
V-4-d Printed booklet (Latin) 15pp. 12mo.
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